A widely used instrument for measuring the perception of stress over the last month. Items 4, 5, 7, and 8 are reverse-scored.
Publisher: Developed by Dr. Sheldon Cohen. The PSS is in the public domain.
Citation: Cohen, S. & Williamson, G. (1988). Perceived stress in a probability sample of the United States. In S. Spacapan & S. Oskamp (Eds.), The Social Psychology of Health (pp. 31-67). Sage.